India's new domestic sourcing mandate for solar cells aims to cut import dependence, but a massive supply gap is leaving smaller, non-integrated manufacturers feeling the squeeze. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy’s new domestic sourcing mandate for solar cells, effective June 1, introduces significant structural shifts for India’s solar sector. The policy mandates that all net-metering (such as PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana) and Open Access solar projects use domestically manufactured solar cells. Key Data points: Capacity Mismatch: India’s solar module manufacturing capacity stands at nearly 200 GW per annum, whereas domestic solar cell manufacturing capacity is severely limited at around 30 GW. Production vs. Installations: Annual solar module production is estimated at 60 - 65 GW, significantly higher than the projected solar capacity installations of around 45 GW for 2025 - 26. Plant Dynamics: Module assembly plants face underutilization, with capacity levels hovering around 30 - 40%. Meanwhile, limited competition allows domestic cell manufacturers to command high margins of 20 - 30%. Exemptions: Large utility-scale solar projects bid out before August 31, 2025, are exempted from this requirement. While the policy aims to reduce import dependence and boost domestic cell infrastructure, non-integrated smaller manufacturers face immediate supply risks and market consolidation pressures. Try this : Consider the following statements regarding India's new domestic sourcing mandate for solar cells: The mandate requires net-metering and Open Access solar projects to use domestically manufactured solar cells. India's solar module manufacturing capacity is substantially higher than its domestic solar cell manufacturing capacity. Large utility-scale solar projects bid out before August 31, 2025, are exempt from the mandate. The policy is expected to eliminate supply constraints for smaller non-integrated solar manufacturers in the short term. Which of the statements given above are correct? A. 1 and 2 only B. 2, 3 and 4 only C. 1, 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

The newly released NFHS-6 survey reveals a fascinating shift for Indian women, showing a massive explosion in digital and literacy access alongside deep, lingering gaps in economic and social independence. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-6) data paints a highly detailed picture of where Indian women stand today—showing massive wins in some areas alongside stubborn structural gaps. The Major Wins Digital Explosion: Female internet usage has nearly doubled, sky-rocketing from 33.2% to 64.3%. Education Boost: Women with over 10 years of schooling jumped from 41% to 46.4%, while overall school attendance ticked up to 73.7%. Safer Households: At the national level, spousal violence dropped significantly from 29.2% to 22.3%. The Persistent Gaps Low Asset Ownership: Independent or joint property ownership among women remains low at just 18.8%. Social Realities: Underage marriage still impacts 20.1% of women aged 20-24, and female sterilization remains the dominant family planning burden at 36.5%. The Kerala Anomaly: While domestic violence dropped nationwide, Kerala saw a sharp, unexpected spike from 9.8% to 17.7%. Bihar (36.1%) and Telangana (30.8%) maintain the highest rates. Public Health Check Substance use among adults (15+) is on a steady decline. Tobacco use stands at 34.6% for men vs. 7.2% for women, while alcohol consumption rests at 18.2% for men vs. 0.7% for women Ultimately, NFHS-6 proves that while policy pushes are successfully opening doors to classrooms and digital spaces, the real challenge lies ahead. True empowerment will only happen when these soaring literacy and internet numbers convert into real financial independence, safer households, and shared domestic responsibilities across every state. Try this : Consider the following statements regarding NFHS-6 findings on Indian women: Female internet usage has nearly doubled compared to the previous survey. Incidence of spousal violence has increased at the national level. Women's ownership of assets remains limited despite improvements in education and digital access. Female sterilization continues to constitute a major share of family planning practices. Which of the statements given above are correct? A. 1 and 2 only B. 1, 3 and 4 only C. 2, 3 and 4 only D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

India’s Chandrayaan-2 just detected signatures of sub-surface ice at the lunar south pole, dropping a massive clue for future space missions. Six years after launch, the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter is still delivering massive wins. Scientists at the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) have just detected signatures of sub-surface ice hidden inside the moon's deepest craters. The Quick Facts: The Target: Four "doubly shadowed" craters located in the moon’s permanently dark zones. The Environment: With zero sunlight, these areas stay at a brutal -25K, acting as a perfect cosmic freezer to preserve water-ice for billions of years. The Tech: It wasn't a visual confirmation; the orbiter's Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (DFSAR) used advanced polarimetric analysis to pierce the surface and spot the ice signatures. The Big Picture: Finding accessible water-ice completely changes the game for future lunar bases, making this a critical baseline for upcoming space missions. Try this :  Consider the following statements regarding Chandrayaan-2's recent lunar ice findings: Chandrayaan-2 detected signatures of sub-surface ice in permanently shadowed craters near the Moon's south pole. The discovery was made using the orbiter's Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (DFSAR). The ice was directly photographed by Chandrayaan-2's onboard cameras. Which of the statements given above are correct? A. 1 only B. 1 and 2 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2 and 3